False memory is the psychological phenomenon characterized by the subjective recall of events, details, or experiences that are either entirely fabricated or significantly distorted from objective reality. As a central concept in cognitive psychology and neuroscience, research on false memory investigates the constructive processes of memory formation and retrieval, examining how misinformation, suggestion, or internal cognitive biases can lead to confident but inaccurate recollections, thereby illuminating the reconstructive nature and inherent fallibility of human memory systems.