Emulation is a methodological approach involving the creation and use of computational or mathematical models to accurately replicate the input-output behavior and functional characteristics of a complex system. This approach investigates system dynamics, predictive responses, and performance under diverse conditions through surrogate models designed to mimic the target system's function. Its significance lies in providing a safe, cost-effective, and flexible alternative or complement to direct experimental investigation, crucial for system design, optimization, and understanding in various scientific and engineering disciplines where direct experimentation is difficult, hazardous, or prohibitively expensive.