Emergency management is a multidisciplinary field of study and applied practice concerned with the systematic processes of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources and efforts to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the impacts of hazards and disasters. It investigates the complex interactions between human systems and environmental threats, emphasizing risk reduction, capacity building, coordinated action across governmental, non-governmental, and private sectors, and fostering community resilience to minimize loss of life, injury, property damage, and environmental degradation.