Decarbonisation is a research field and policy objective centered on the systematic reduction and eventual elimination of carbon emissions, primarily carbon dioxide, from energy, industrial, and societal systems. This concept investigates the technological, economic, social, and political pathways and strategies required for a fundamental global transition to low-carbon or zero-carbon infrastructures and practices. Key characteristics include its multi-disciplinary nature and focus on systemic transformation, with its significance residing in its centrality to climate change mitigation, sustainable development, and the restructuring of global energy and industrial landscapes.