Cognitive biases is a research concept within psychology and behavioral economics that investigates systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. This academic concept explores the mechanisms and manifestations of predictable errors in human thinking and decision-making processes. Key characteristics include the reliance on heuristics and susceptibility to context-dependent factors, leading to consistent departures from logical or optimal outcomes. Its significance resides in explaining widespread human errors, predicting behavior across diverse domains, and informing interventions aimed at improving judgment and decision quality.