Cinematography is the academic study and practice of the art, science, and technique of visual image capture and composition for moving media. It investigates how elements such as camera operation, lighting design, framing, and lens choices are employed to construct the visual language of film and other screen-based media, critically analyzing their contribution to narrative, thematic expression, mood, and audience perception. Its significance lies in its foundational role in shaping the aesthetic and communicative dimensions of cinematic works.