Cell secretion is the fundamental biological process through which cells synthesize, package, and release molecules into the extracellular space or specific target destinations. As an academic concept and research field, it investigates the diverse molecular mechanisms, cellular pathways, and regulatory systems governing the transport and release of substances such as proteins, lipids, and small molecules. Key characteristics studied include distinct secretory routes (e.g., constitutive, regulated, exosomal) and the intricate machinery involved in vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion; its significance lies in its critical role in intercellular communication, immune function, development, and maintaining physiological homeostasis, with dysregulation linked to numerous diseases.