Accident investigation is a systematic, evidence-based process undertaken to determine the root causes, contributing factors, and sequence of events leading to an unintended incident or accident. This methodological approach involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to reconstruct the incident, identify failures in systems, processes, or human performance, and understand the underlying mechanisms of failure, with the critical objective of informing preventative strategies, improving safety protocols, and enhancing overall system design and resilience to mitigate future occurrences.