1b:I[76749,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1c:I[3486,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1d:I[41892,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1e:I[17707,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1f:I[66528,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 20:I[63176,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 21:I[87099,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 22:I[26200,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"Group"] 23:I[23365,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 24:T509,Activation-induced marker (AIM) assays identify antigen (Ag)-specific T cells, but recent studies revealed AIM⁺ T helper cell 17 (T_H17)-like (CCR6⁺) and circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh) were not associated with peptide/HLA tetramer staining. We show that CD39⁺ regulatory T cell (T_reg)-like and CD26^hi T_H22-like cells undergo T cell receptor (TCR)-independent activation by cytokines during Ag stimulation, leading to nonspecific up-regulation of AIM readouts. Transcriptional analysis enabled discrimination of bona fide Ag-specific T cells from cytokine-activated T_reg and T_H22 cells. CXCR4 down-regulation emerged as a hallmark of clonotypic expansion and TCR-dependent activation in memory CD4⁺ T cells and cTfh. By tracking tetramer-binding cells upon Ag restimulation, we demonstrated that CXCR4-CD137⁺ cells provided a more accurate measure of Ag-specificity than standard AIM readouts. This modified assay excluded the predominantly CCR6⁺ cytokine-activated T cells that contributed to an average 12-fold overestim

Lauren Burmas

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