Abstract We systematically investigate the mass spectrum and two-body open-charm strong decays of charmonium states in a coupled-channel model where the $$^3P_0$$ 3 P 0 quark-antiquark pair creation mechanism is employed. The results of masses, mass shifts, proportions of the $$c\bar{c}$$ c c ¯ component, and open-charm decay widths are provided. The S - D wave mixing angles and di-electric decay widths for vector mesons are also presented. Based on our results, we find that the $$\psi (3770)$$ ψ ( 3770 ) , $$\psi (4040)$$ ψ ( 4040 ) , $$\psi (4160)$$ ψ ( 4160 ) , $$\psi (4360)$$ ψ ( 4360 ) , and $$\psi (4415)$$ ψ ( 4415 ) can be assigned as the $$1^3D_1$$ 1 3 D 1 -, $$3^3S_1$$ 3 3 S 1 -, $$2^3D_1$$ 2 3 D 1 -, $$4^3S_1$$ 4 3 S 1 -, and $$3^3D_1$$ 3 3 D 1 -dominated charmonium states, respectively. The $$\psi _3(3842)$$ ψ 3 ( 3842 ) is a good candidate of the $$\psi _3(1D)$$ ψ 3 ( 1 D ) charmonium state. The calculated mass and strong decay width of $$\chi _{c1}(2P)$$ χ c 1 ( 2 P ) with significant continuum contribution ( $$\sim $$ ∼ 57%) favor the charmonium interpretation for the mysterious $$\chi _{c1}(3872)$$ χ c 1 ( 3872 ) . When considering the large uncertainty in the observed d

Cheng-Rui Shu

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