21:I[432972,["/_next/static/chunks/bb923814e1f4d2e9.js","/_next/static/chunks/dd3ee9f5b7716ca6.js","/_next/static/chunks/4204a0ae82542ca8.js","/_next/static/chunks/1270dead247da766.js","/_next/static/chunks/6e1aa89a642f40be.js","/_next/static/chunks/2d7aa753e81324a8.js","/_next/static/chunks/8ffd0b71567920d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/67ea6dfd21f16c5f.js","/_next/static/chunks/24eb4379f68013fd.js","/_next/static/chunks/b8cd775ffdf935bd.js","/_next/static/chunks/983103cd9eb7b428.js","/_next/static/chunks/263f2cdcb9aa2341.js","/_next/static/chunks/294b9525248c8e5f.js"],"default"] 22:T516,Hard carbon (HC) is the most promising candidate for sodium-ion battery anode materials. Several material properties such as intensity ratio of the Raman spectrum, lateral size of HC crystallite (L_a ), and interlayer distance (d₀₀₂ ) have been discussed as factors affecting anode performance. However, these factors do not reflect the bulk property of the Na⁺ intercalation reaction directly, since Raman analysis has high surface sensitivity and L_a and d₀₀₂ provide only one-dimensional crystalline information. Herein, it was proposed that the crystallite interlayer area (A_i ) defined using L_a , d₀₀₂ , and stacking height (L_c ) governs Na⁺ intercalation behavior of various HCs. It was revealed that various wood-derived HCs exhibited the similar total capacity of approximately 250 mAh g^-1 , whereas the Na⁺ intercalation capacity (C_i ) was proportional to A_i with the correlation coefficient of R² =0.94. The evaluation factor of A_i was also adaptable to previous reports and strongly correlated with their C_i , indicating that A_i is more widely adaptable than the conventional evaluation methods.23:T438,In this study, we investigated the synthesis of wood-sawdust-derived high-crystalline graphite-like carbon. The sawdust was first impregnated with Fe and semi-carbonized by a hydrothermal treatment (HT) at 250°C, followed by the second carbonization under N2 atmosphere and acid washing. For an iron-to-sawdust weight ratio of 4:10, graphite-like carbon was synthesized at a very low temperature of 850°C. This carbon has an average interlayer distance and crystallite size (d002: 0.337 nm, La: 35.8 nm, and Lc: 56.1 nm) comparable to those of commercial graphite. The large size of the Fe crystal particles facilitates the development of a stacked structure of carbon sheets. The HT with Fe-impregnated sawdust generates larger iron oxide particles than simple semi-carbonization with Fe-impregnated sawdust under N2 atmosphere at 250°C, facilitating the development of more crystalline graphite-like carbon. It was also found that the crystallinity of the graphitic carbon obtained after second carbonization may be controlled by the amount and particle size of the added Fe.

#	Concept	H-Index	Publications	Citations
1	Engineering	1	1	30
2	Chemistry	1	1	30
3	Materials Science	1	1	30
4	Catalysis	1	1	30
5	Carbon Materials	1	1	30

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