The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine · 2000 · 19 citations · 33 references
Life SciencesEndocrinologyGeneticsAutoimmunityHuman GeneticsImmunogeneticsAutoantibodiesAutoimmune Disease PathogenesisAutoimmune Disease Susceptibility GenesAutoimmune DiseasesDiabetes MellitusGenetic Susceptibility To AutoimmunityFamilial Aggregation Of Autoimmune DiseaseHla AllelesHla Autoimmune Disease AssociationsHost Susceptibility GenesShared Autoimmune Susceptibility LociThyroid AutoantibodiesThyroid AutoimmunityType 1 Diabetes Associations
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases. The occurrence of common features of autoimmune diseases and the coassociation of multiple autoimmune diseases in the same individual or family supports the notion that there may be common genetic factors. METHODS: To investigate potential clustering of autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) among type 1 diabetes patients and the contribution of common susceptibility genes to this, HLA DR/DQ alleles as well as antithyroid autoantibodies were measured in 115 Korean patients with type 1 diabetes and their 96 first-degree family members. RESULTS: Twenty-five percent of the patients had ATD, whereas 3 of 36 (8%) age-matched normal controls had ATD (RR = 3.7, p < 0.05). Twenty-six of ninty-six (27%) type 1 diabetes family members had ATD. No differences in the distribution of HLA alleles/haplotypes and genotypes between the patients with and without ATD were found. CONCLUSION: From this finding, we could assess that individuals with type 1 diabetes and their relatives frequently develop ATD, perhaps due to common susceptibility genes that are shared among first degree relatives.
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Primer-Directed Enzymatic Amplification of DNA with a Thermostable DNA Polymerase
Randall K. Saiki, David H. Gelfand, Susanne Stoffel et al. · Science · 1988 · 17.2K citations