Living Lab Research Landscape: From User Centred Design and User Experience towards User Cocreation

Abstract

New paradigms, such as Open Innovation (Chesbrough, 2003) and Web 2.0 (O’Reilly, 2004) as well as Living Labs operating as a User Centred Open Innovation Ecosystem (Pallot, 2009), promote a more proactive role of users in the R&D process. However, a number of existing methods for involving users are abundantly described in the literature,