Application of silymarin in human and animal medicine

Abstract

Silymarin, the polyphenolic fraction from Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) and its main component silybinin, are used almost exclusively for hepatoprotection in humans. Silymarin offers good protection in various toxic models of experimental liver diseases in laboratory animals. It effects, by antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antilipid peroxidative, membrane stabilizing and liver regenerating mechanisms. Its clinical applications in humans comprise therapy in alcoholic liver diseases, liver cirrhosis, Amanita mushroom poisoning, viral hepatitis, toxic and drug-induced liver diseases. Recognition of new silymarin derivatives opens new ways for its application in liver therapy. Silymarin application in veterinary medicine is also reviewed.