Adipose- and Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prolong Graft Survival in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Abstract

AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs exert immunomodulatory effects that prolong survival of immunogenic skin-bearing VCA grafts with short course (21 day) tacrolimus induction therapy. The in vivo findings in terms of allograft survival did not reflect superior immunomodulatory characteristics of AD-MSCs found in vitro.