Defining the Family Business by Behavior

TLDR

Family involvement makes the family business unique, yet literature struggles to define it; a theoretical definition must identify the essence that distinguishes it from other businesses and serves as the standard for operational definitions. The authors argue for a distinction between theoretical and operational definitions and propose a theoretical definition based on behavior as the essence of a family business. They propose a theoretical definition grounded in behavior as the essence of a family business. Conceptual analysis shows that operational definitions based on family involvement components largely overlap with the proposed behavioral definition, and empirical results indicate these components are weak predictors of intentions, making them unreliable for distinguishing family from non-family businesses.

Abstract

It is generally accepted that a family's involvement in the business makes the family business unique; but the literature continues to have difficulty defining the family business. We argue for a distinction between theoretical and operational definitions. A theoretical definition must identify the esence that distinguishes the family business from other businesses. It is the standard against which operational definitions must be measured. We propose a theoretical definition based on behavior as the essence of a family business. Our conceptual analysis shows that most of the operational definitions based on the components of family involvement overlap with our theoretical definition. Our empirical results suggest, however, that the components of family involvement typically used in operational definitions are weak predictors of intentions and, therefore, are not always reliable for distinguishing family businesses from non-family ones.