The British Journal of Psychiatry · 1994 · 215 citations · 11 references
MedicinePharmacoeconomicsPsychiatryCost-benefit AnalysisMental Health CareMental Health PolicyAntipsychotic TherapyDirect Medical CostsHealth Care CostsHealthcare Cost AnalysisSchizophrenia Spectrum DisordersTreatment Of Mental DisordersDirect CostsDirect Treatment CostsDisease Cost Of IllnessHealth Care Budget Impact AnalysisHealthcare Cost ImpactHospitalization CostsTotal Annualized CostTreatment Cost Analysis
In the UK, treating schizophrenia costs £397 million annually—1.6 % of the health budget—with about 75 % spent on residential care, drugs only 5 %, and indirect costs from lost productivity around £1.7 billion, while 97 % of direct costs are borne by less than half of patients. Treatments that reduce dependence and disability in the most severely affected patients can substantially lower societal costs and may be cost‑effective despite high upfront expenses.
The total direct cost of treating schizophrenia in the UK is 397 million pounds, or 1.6% of the total health care budget. Hospital-based and community-based residential care accounts for nearly three-quarters of these costs, while drugs account for only 5%. A conservative estimate of the indirect annual costs of lost production is in the region of 1.7 billion pounds. The heterogeneity of the disease and its outcome means that average treatment costs per person with schizophrenia should be treated with caution; 97% of direct costs are incurred by less than half the patients. Therefore, treatments which reduce the dependence and disability of those most severely affected by schizophrenia are likely to have a large effect on the total cost of the disease to society and may therefore be cost-effective, even though they appear expensive initially.
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II. A Randomised Controlled Trial of Prophylactic Neuroleptic Treatment
T.J. Crow, J. Fiona Macmillan, A. L. Johnson et al. · The British Journal of Psychiatry · 1986 · 493 citations
The Northwick Park Study of First Episodes of Schizophrenia
E.C. Johnstone, T.J. Crow, A. L. Johnson et al. · The British Journal of Psychiatry · 1986 · 381 citations
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Schizophrenia: A Life-shortening Disease
Peter Allebeck · Schizophrenia Bulletin · 1989 · 344 citations · Full text
The economic burden of schizophrenia
Linda Davies, Michael Drummond · Psychiatric Bulletin · 1990 · 167 citations · Full text