Dark Matter as Nested Gravitational Constraints: The Gravitational Enhancement Effect of Constrained-State Energy in Energy-Efficiency Theory

Hongpu Yang

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026 · 13 citations · 10 references

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Abstract

Dark matter is interpreted not as a particle but as the collective gravitational projection of nested constrained-state energy structures in galaxies. Starting from Yang’s Axioms, we derive the modified Poisson equation and effective rotation curves. The framework quantitatively fits the Milky Way, the Large Magellanic Cloud, M87, and the Bullet Cluster, with residuals R² > 0.95. It naturally resolves the core–cusp, missing satellites, and too-big-to-fail problems. Testable predictions include a scaling relation between nested level and galaxy mass, saturation of acceleration in outer halos, and redshift evolution of the dark matter fraction. This work unifies dark matter with dark energy as two manifestations of the same energy ontology within Yang’s Energy-Efficiency Cycle.

References

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