Advanced Energy Materials · 2026 · 10 citations · 46 references
Natural SciencesMaterials EngineeringMaterials ScienceElectrochemical EngineeringEnergy MaterialsNanomaterialsAnode MaterialsBattery MaterialsElectrochemical Energy StorageElectrode MaterialsEnergy StorageEnergy Storage MaterialsCarbon-based AnodesEnergy DensityHard Carbon AnodesLattice ParametersPorous CarbonSodium-ion BatteriesSodium-ion Battery AnodesSodium-ion Battery Materials
ABSTRACT Hard carbon anodes for sodium‐ion batteries rely on Na + insertion into graphite‐like layers below 0.1 V, where closed‐pore structures are critical for high energy density. However, controlling hard carbon microstructures remains challenging. Here, the industrial lignin precursor was simply pre‐pyrolyzed and carbonized to synthesize high‐performance hard carbon with curved graphite‐like layers forming topological cavities. Through GITT and in situ TEM, we visualized Na + (de)intercalation and demonstrated that closed pores (∼1 nm) enhance sodium storage. Even the FFT transform revealed the appearance of a new material lattice (C 32 Na). This work provides insights for tuning hard carbon microstructures and biomass bulk processing and value‐added utilization.
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Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis
Haiping Yang, Rong Yan, Hanping Chen et al. · Fuel · 2007 · 7.8K citations
Understanding of the sodium storage mechanism in hard carbon anodes
Xiaoyang Chen, Changyu Liu, Yongjin Fang et al. · Carbon Energy · 2022 · 474 citations · Full text
Natural Sciences, Materials Engineering, Materials Science +17