BEHAVIOR OF SHALLOW INCLINED ANCHORAGES IN COHESIONLESS SAND

Abstract

Investigations into the behaviour of shallow inclined ground anchors in cohesionless soil are described. Limited work has been done on vertical anchors by Kanayan and by Larnach. The theoretical and experimental results obtained from work with inclined anchors described in the present paper are consistent with this previous work. The experimental anchors consisted of metal plates embedded in a glass sided tank filled with sand. Loads of varying force and angle of incidence were applied. The pull-out force and the displacement of the sand were observed directly. Reasonable correlation between experimental and calculated values was achieved. The authors feel that the behaviour of ground anchors can now be better predicted at the design stage as a result of this work, though in practice, safe working loads must still be determined by in situ tests.