Evaluation of non-nuclear methods for compaction control

Abstract

This study evaluated currently available, non-nuclear devices as potential replacements for the nuclear gauge for soil compaction control. Devices based on impact methods, electrical methods, and stiffness methods were identified and evaluated through two field studies and two laboratory studies. Based on these studies, none of the devices tested is feasible to replace the nuclear gauge. Additionally, many of the devices do not provide a measure of water content, and thus would require another device to measure water content when water content is required for compaction control. Of the devices tested, two devices based on the measurement of electrical soil properties showed the most promise. However, improvements are required before these devices can be used in practice.