RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SULFATE-INDUCED HEAVE IN TREATED EXPANSIVE CLAYS

Abstract

While many applications of calcium-based stabilizers have not resulted in sulfate-induced heave or buckling, those which have caused substantial repair or replacement project costs. This paper presents the latest results of research into the solubility of sulfates, the determination of sulfate levels in soils, the types of reactions that occur in treated materials, and successful treatment options for those with low sulfate levels. It explains why a 10:1 water to soil extraction is best, why levels of sulfates above 0.2 percent are potentially dangerous, and that double applications of lime can be used to treat some sulfate bearing clays.