Endoscopic techniques in aesthetic breast surgery. Augmentation, mastectomy, biopsy, capsulotomy, capsulorrhaphy, reduction, mastopexy, and reconstructive techniques.

Abstract

Endoscopy is a new tool in the armamentarium for surgery of the breast. Endoscopic techniques may offer decreased scarring and morbidity rates for a variety of aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. Whereas initial clinical experiences are encouraging, most endoscopic procedures of the breast remain developmental, both in technique and instrumentation. Additional development, refinement, and experience will be required to define fully the utility of endoscopic techniques.