Review on Graphite Anodes for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanism, Modification and Characterizations

Abstract

Abstract Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, revolutionizing global energy systems and significantly altering human lifestyles. However, the current electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion batteries fails to satisfy the increasingly stringent requirements for fast‐charging capabilities in modern energy storage applications. Central to this challenge is the advancement of fast‐charging graphite anode materials, which play a pivotal role in enhancing fast‐charging performance. Nonetheless, the inherently sluggish lithiation kinetics of graphite anode in LIBs impose limitations on battery capacity, leading to irreversible lithium plating, which has a significantly adverse impact on battery power and cycling performance. This review delves into elucidating the primary factors influencing the fast‐charging capabilities of graphite anodes and dissects the underlying failure mechanisms. And then a comprehensive overview of modification strategies aimed at enhancing the fast‐charging ability of graphite anodes is presented from the view of electrochemical reaction process. Moreover, advanced in situ characterization techniques applicable to key issues in the fast‐charging process of graphite are introduced. Finally, the potential future directions and perspective of mechanism researches and modification methods for fast‐charging graphite anode are highlighted, aiming to drive the advancement of fast‐charging graphite anode in LIBs.