Cesium Iron (III) Pyrophosphate Prepared Using a Solid‐State Process: Structure, Mössbauer Spectroscopy, and Relaxation Dynamics

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to synthesize the cesium iron (III) pyrophosphate compound CsFeP 2 O 7 using a conventional solid‐state reaction method. The refinement of the X‐ray diffraction pattern indicated that the sample crystallized in a monoclinic structure at room temperature. The morphology and composition of the CsFeP 2 O 7 compound were further analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the paramagnetic behavior of the CsFeP2O7 phosphate material at room temperature. The FTIR spectrum revealed absorption peaks corresponding to the fundamental modes of P 2 O 7 4− anion vibrations. The electrical and dielectric properties were characterized using impedance spectroscopy as a function of frequency and temperature. The activation energy for continuous conductivity, (σ dc ), was found to be 0.13 eV for the temperature range [453–533 K] and 0.44 eV for the temperature range [553–673 K]. The permittivity behavior was analyzed using the Maxwell–Wagner model of interfacial polarization. The contribution of the grains and grain boundaries to the conduction mechanism was confirmed by Nyquist plots, which were fitted with an appropriate equivalent circuit. The imaginary parts of impedance ( Z″ ) and modulus ( M″ ) curves indicate a dielectric relaxation in the sample.