npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · 2024 · 11 citations · 45 references
Natural SciencesEarth SciencesMeteorologyAtmospheric ScienceClimate ScienceClimatologyClimate ChangeClimate ExtremesClimate ModelingExtreme Climate EventsJet StreamsSea Surface TemperatureExtreme Heat EventsFuture Climate ProjectionsJet Stream ClimatologyJet Stream ShiftsJet Stream VariabilityJet-stream DynamicsRegional Climate ProjectionsSea Surface Temperature Gradients
Abstract Western Europe experienced an unprecedentedly hot July in 2022, which significantly impacted ecosystems and society. Our observational and numerical modeling study reveals that this event was influenced by anomalous North Atlantic and Eurasian jet streams. The northeastward shift of the North Atlantic jet stream, driven by sea surface temperature gradients, and the curving of the Eurasian jet stream, affected by rainfall anomalies in Pakistan, enhanced atmospheric subsidence over western Europe. This research highlights the crucial role of the synergistic behavior of the North Atlantic and Eurasian jet streams in driving extreme heat over Western Europe. Furthermore, CMIP6 climate model projections suggest that under the SSP585 scenario, similar jet stream configurations could lead to even more intense extreme temperatures (~7.02 ± 0.61 °C) compared to the current climatological mean.
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The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
Eugenia Kalnay, Masao Kanamitsu, Robert Kistler et al. · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · 1996 · 29.1K citations