Enhancing transparency and trust in AI-powered manufacturing: A survey of explainable AI (XAI) applications in smart manufacturing in the era of industry 4.0/5.0

Abstract

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is crucial for the transition from the fourth to fifth industrial revolution, providing transparency and fostering user confidence in Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered systems. Since 2020, XAI applications demonstrate potential to transform manufacturing. This paper provides an extensive overview of XAI-based applications in Industries 4.0 and 5.0 by highlighting the trends regarding methods used, connecting XAI methods with important parameters and presenting XAI visualisation approaches. The survey provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners and industry leaders as it underscores the potential of XAI in shaping the future of manufacturing by enhancing transparency and user acceptance of AI-powered applications.