Europium Doped SrSnO₃ Perovskite: Structural, Spectroscopic, and Luminescent Characterization for Advanced Lighting Technologies and Beyond

Abstract

This study explores the incorporation of Eu 3+ ions into SrSnO 3 and their effect on the structural, spectroscopic, and luminescent properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirm the successful doping of Eu 3+ . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal an indirect band gap, with an estimated experimental value of 2.8 eV for 5% Eu 3+, as determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Photoluminescence (PL) analysis shows a red emission at 612 nm, corresponding to the 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 transition of Eu 3+ ions. Under 256 nm UV excitation, the optimal luminescent properties were observed at 5 mol % Eu 3+, displaying a predominant red emission at 612 nm attributed to the 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 transition of Eu 3+ ions. The study found that emission intensity decreased beyond a certain concentration due to concentration quenching effects determined through Blasse equation. Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters were calculated from the emission spectra, and Ω 2 and Ω 4, are (1.15 and 1.09) × 10 –20 cm 2, respectively for 5% Eu 3+ doped SrSnO 3 . The emission properties for the 5 D 0 → 7 F 1, 5 D 0 → 7 F 2, and 5 D 0 → 7 F 4 emission transitions are also estimated with J–O parameters. The higher magnitude of branching ratios (58%) and emission cross sections (7.09 × 10 –22 cm 2 ) suggest that the Eu 3+ doped SrSnO 3 perovskite may be suitable for efficient red emitting device applications. This research provides insights into the structural and spectroscopic properties of Eu-doped SrSnO 3 perovskites, highlighting their potential for advanced lighting technologies in agriculture and plant growth.