Microplastic particles in human blood and their association with coagulation markers

Abstract

Recent studies have indicated potential health risks associated with microplastics (MPs) exposure, including alterations in blood coagulation homeostasis. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantitatively examine MPs in human blood and assess their association with coagulation markers. We recruited 36 healthy adults, collected whole blood samples, and analyzed MPs using Fourier-transform infrared (µ-FTIR) spectroscopy. Lifestyle factors related to MP exposure were assessed, such as the use of plastic food containers. Coagulation and inflammatory markers in blood samples were analyzed, including C-reactive protein, prothrombin time, activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT), antithrombin III, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fibrinogen. MPs were detected in 88.9% of the participants, with a mean concentration of 4.2 MPs/mL. The predominant types of plastics identified were polystyrene and polypropylene. MPs were significantly higher in participants with a greater use of plastic food containers. A high MP load in the blood (≥ 3 MPs/mL) was significantly correlated with increased aPTT, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen. We identified MPs in human blood, their association with specific lifestyle factors, and significant alterations in coagulation markers. This underscores the need for strategies to reduce human exposure to MPs, particularly in relation to blood coagulation and potential cardiovascular risks.