The effect of sacral erector spinae plane block on the quality of recovery after total hip arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty, commonly performed to alleviate hip pain and enhance functionality in elderly patients, requires effective postoperative pain management to reduce opioid consumption and its associated side effects. A novel regional anaesthesia technique, the sacral erector spinae plane block, has the potential to enhance the quality of postoperative recovery significantly. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter study investigated the effects of the sacral erector spinae plane block on recovery quality in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The study comprised 50 patients, divided into Group S (patients receiving patients receiving sacral erector spinae plane block [S-ESPB]) and Group C (patients getting just multimodal analgesia). The primary outcome measured was the Quality of Recovery-15 score 24 hours post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included postoperative numerical rating scale scores (A score of 0 indicates no pain, while 10 indicates the most severe pain), total consumption of rescue analgesics, time to first rescue analgesic administration, patient satisfaction, time to first ambulation, the occurrence of complications, and the need for antiemetics. RESULTS: Group S had markedly higher quality of recovery-15 scores compared to Group C (Group S: median 117 percentiles [97-121]; Group C: median 89 percentiles [75-96]; P<0.001). Group S scored higher in postoperative pain, physical comfort, support, emotional state, and general quality of recovery-15 (P<0.001). Nevertheless, the physical independence category ratings were comparable across both groups (P=0.286). CONCLUSIONS: Sacral erector spinae plane block is a promising analgesic technique that enhances postoperative recovery and patient comfort in total hip arthroplasty.