An Introduction to Machine Learning for Speech-Language Pathologists: Concepts, Terminology, and Emerging Applications

Abstract

Readers are introduced to broad ML concepts, including common ML tasks (e.g., classification, regression), and specific types of ML models (e.g., linear/logistic regression, random forest, support vector machines, neural networks). Key considerations for developing, evaluating, validating, and interpreting ML models are discussed. An application section reviews six exemplar published papers in the aphasiology literature that have utilized ML approaches. Lastly, limitations to the implementation of ML approaches are discussed, including issues of reliability, validity, bias, and explainability. We highlight emergent solutions and next steps to facilitate responsible and clinically meaningful use of ML approaches in speech-language pathology moving forward.