IP2FL: Interpretation-Based Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

Abstract

The expansion of Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS) has introduced new challenges in security and privacy, highlighting a research gap in effective anomaly detection while preserving data confidentiality. In the ICPS landscape, where vast amounts of sensitive industrial data are exchanged, ensuring privacy is not just a regulatory compliance issue but a critical shield against industrial espionage and cyber threats. Existing solutions often compromise data privacy for enhanced security, leaving a significant void in protecting sensitive information within ICPS networks. Addressing this, our research presents the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IP2FL</i> model, an Interpretation-based Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning approach tailored for ICPS. This model combines Additive Homomorphic Encryption (AHE) for privacy with advanced feature selection methods and Shapley Values (SV) for enhanced explainability. The proposed solution mitigates privacy concerns in federated learning, where traditional methods fall short due to computational constraints and lack of interpretability. By integrating AHE, the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">IP2FL</i> model minimizes computational overhead and ensures data privacy. Our dual feature selection approach optimizes system performance while incorporating SV to provide critical insights into model decisions, advancing the field towards more transparent and understandable AI systems in ICPS. The validation of our model using ICPS-specific datasets demonstrates its effectiveness and potential for practical applications.