The coexistence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity is associated with worse pain outcomes following exercise for osteoarthritis: A cohort study on 80,893 patients

Abstract

When diabetes, hypertension and obesity coexist with OA, patients not only experience heightened baseline pain compared to metabolically healthy individuals, but the disparity increases after an education and exercise intervention suggesting that a one-size-fits-all approach may be inadequate in addressing the complex interplay between metabolic health and OA.