Open-door extended endoscopic transorbital technique to the paramedian anterior and middle cranial fossae: technical notes, anatomomorphometric quantitative analysis, and illustrative case

Abstract

The extended open-door technique may be specifically suited for selected patients affected by paramedian anterior and middle fossae lesions, with prevalent anteromedial extension toward the anterior clinoid, the foremost compartment of the cavernous sinus and FR and not completely controlled with the pure endoscopic transorbital approach.