Design of MIMO Antennas With DRAs and a Dual-Function Decoupling/Radiating Monopole Antenna

Abstract

For the first time, a dual-function monopole antenna (MA) is proposed in this paper for radiating as an independent antenna and for decoupling dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) simultaneously. For the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> - and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</i> -plane-coupled 1 × 2 DRAs, two decoupling posts can be inserted into the interface of the DRAs, with out-of-phase and in-phase currents on the posts, respectively. To obtain antenna function, the two posts can be connected together to form a pair of MAs, with common-mode and differential-mode excitations for the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> - and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</i> -plane cases, respectively. High isolations can be obtained between the DRAs and the MA due to the current orthogonality between the decoupling and radiating functions. To verify the design philosophy, both the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</i> - and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</i> -plane prototypes are designed, fabricated, and measured, with reasonable agreement observed. All of the measured isolations, average realized radiation efficiencies, and envelope correlation coefficients are higher than 18.9 dB, higher than 75%, and lower than 0.03. These high isolation, high efficiency, and low correlation designs can be useful for multiple-input and multiple-output application scenarios.