Pan-Genome Plasticity and Virulence Factors: A Natural Treasure Trove for Acinetobacter baumannii

Abstract

<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for a variety of community- and hospital-acquired infections. It is recognized as a life-threatening pathogen among hospitalized individuals and, in particular, immunocompromised patients in many countries. <i>A. baumannii,</i> as a member of the ESKAPE group, encompasses high genomic plasticity and simultaneously is predisposed to receive and exchange the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) through horizontal genetic transfer (HGT). Indeed, <i>A. baumannii</i> is a treasure trove that contains a high number of virulence factors. In accordance with these unique pathogenic characteristics of <i>A. baumannii</i>, the authors aim to discuss the natural treasure trove of pan-genome and virulence factors pertaining to this bacterial monster and try to highlight the reasons why this bacterium is a great concern in the global public health system.