What metrics does the building energy performance community use to compare dynamic models?

Abstract

Comparing, validating and assessing the accuracy of dynamic models is crucial for multiple applications in the field of energy, buildings and indoor environment modelling. Various comparison metrics and key performance indicators have been developed or adopted from other research fields, with popular guidelines recommending some for building energy models.This article gives an overview of the metrics used by this research community based on a large-scale review of scientific publications over the last 40 years. Furthermore, main trends are discussed, gaps are revealed, and future research activities are suggested. These research activities have been started by a multi-institutional group of researchers and should greatly benefit the entire building energy simulations community.