Photoinduced Radical Desulfurative C(sp³)–C(sp²) Coupling via Electron Donor–Acceptor Complexes

Abstract

Herein, we disclose a radical desulfurative C-C coupling protocol for the synthesis of 4-alkylpyridines. A variety of substituents on both benzyl thiols and 4-cyanopyridines are tolerated. The reaction is carried out under mild and photocatalyst- and transition-metal-free conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies show that an electron donor-acceptor complex is formed between benzyl thiols and 4-cyanopyridines under alkaline conditions. Then, a variety of 1°, 2°, and 3° C(sp³)-centered radicals was formed by cleavage of the C-S bond, and the 4-alkylpyridines were achieved through a radical-radical coupling with the pyridyl radical anion.