The fermionic greybody factor and quasinormal modes of hairy black holes, as well as Hawking radiation’s power spectrum and sparsity

Abstract

Abstract A hairy black hole (HBH) emerges due to matter surrounding the Schwarzschild metric when using the Extended Gravitational Decoupling (GD) approach. The fermionic greybody factors (GFs) and quasinormal modes (QNMs) as well as Hawking spectra and sparsity of HBH solutions are investigated. We consider massive and massless spin-1/2 fermions, along with massless spin-3/2 fermions. The equations of the effective potential for fermions with different spins are derived in HBH spacetime. Then, the rigorous bound method is used to calculate the fermionic spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 GFs. With the time domain integration method at our disposal, we illustrate the impact of additional parameters on the ringdown waveform of the massless fermionic spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 fields and, in turn, on their quasinormal modes. We then delve into investigating the Hawking spectra and sparsity of the radiation emitted by an HBH. Hairy parameters significantly affect the sparsity of Hawking radiation as well. We observe that the total power emitted by the BH increases both with $$\alpha $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:math> and Q but decreases with $$l_{0}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>l</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . Our study conclusively shows the significant impact of the additional parameters on important astrophysical phenomena such as quasinormal modes, Hawking spectra, and sparsity.