Insights into the potential applications of permanganate/peroxymonosulfate systems: enhancement <i>via</i> amorphous MnO ₂ , effects of water matrices, and optimization using response surface methodology

Abstract

, HOCl) in the CUPP system was confirmed. A total of 24 intermediate products were detected, and four possible degradation pathways were identified for SMX. In addition, it was found that the CUPP system has a strong impact resistance to pH variations, groundwater anions, and natural organic matter stress. Undoubtedly, the CUPP system presents an innovative approach for the degradation of various emerging organic pollutants in groundwater.