Coexistence of nonlinear states with different polarizations in a Kerr resonator

Abstract

Temporal cavity solitons are optical pulses that can persist in passive resonators, such as microresonators and fiber-based resonators. They can preserve their shape and energy during the propagation. In addition, other typical nonlinear states including Turing rolls, chaotic state, and breathers also emerge in the Kerr resonator. Normally, the occurrence of these states is not simultaneous due to their distinct parameter regimes. However, their coexistence has been observed in scenarios where neighboring resonances corresponding to both the same and orthogonal polarizations partially overlap. The coexisting nonlinear states in the strongly birefringent resonator have not been thoroughly explored due to the challenge of superimposing multiple resonances. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of inducing coexistence states within a strongly birefringent fiber ring resonator exhibiting anomalous dispersion. The dynamic effects are discussed in the context of zero and nonzero net birefringence. By flexibly controlling the overlap of the nonlinear resonances corresponding to two orthogonal polarizations, we can attain the coexistence of both homogeneous (two polarizations exhibit the same states) and inhomogeneous states (two polarizations exhibit different states). These results could have significant implications for high-compacity optical communication, LiDAR, dual-comb spectroscopy, and so on.