Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myositis and myocarditis: diagnostic pitfalls and imaging contribution in a real-world, institutional case series

Abstract

Myositis is a potentially severe irAE. Despite its heterogeneous presentation, some highly suggestive clinical symptoms, such as ocular involvement, or radiological signs should raise physicians' attention to avoid misdiagnosis. We thus recommend a multidisciplinary assessment (including complete neuromuscular evaluation) even in case of isolated myocarditis. Our series underlines the importance of an early diagnosis, since suspension of ICI and adequate treatment are usually associated with good functional outcome.