Microbiome Profiling in Bladder Cancer Patients Using the First-morning Urine Sample

Abstract

Our study showed an increased abundance of <i>Porphyromonas</i> and <i>Porphyromonas somerae</i> in male bladder cancer (BCa) patients, supporting the use of a first-morning urine sample, a less invasive and low-cost collection method, for the urobiome analysis of patients at risk of BCa.