A socio-spatial analysis of Australia's critical minerals endowment and policy implications

Abstract

Spatial analysis of critical minerals and socio-economic data can identify communities being put under pressure by mining activities. Our study highlights that some of Australia's most disadvantaged areas host the highest number of critical minerals mines and mineral deposits. These findings are significant because Australia's Critical Minerals Strategy promises to accrue benefits locally by building partnerships with host communities and First Nations peoples. We demonstrate how novel data compilations can illuminate pre-existing issues and inequalities for policy makers and industry to understand and address. Without major reforms in policy and practice, the inequitable distribution of mining's impacts and benefits will persist. Our methodology has application in other nations with reliable geological survey data, project development information, and national population statistics.