A Pilot Study of Neoadjuvant Nivolumab, Ipilimumab, and Intralesional Oncolytic Virotherapy for HER2-negative Breast Cancer

Abstract

Systemic immune checkpoint blockade with a programmed death receptor 1 and a CTL antigen-4 blocking antibody, combined with intralesional oncolytic virotherapy, is a chemotherapy-free combination aimed at inducing an antitumor immune response locally and systemic immunity.