TRAF2 promotes M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis and cancer progression by inhibiting autophagy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

In conclusion, this risk model is highly predictive of prognostic in ccRCC patients, which is expected to promote improved treatment evaluation and comprehensive management of ccRCC. Moreover, our findings reveal that the TRAF2/M2 macrophage/autophagy axis plays a key regulatory role in the malignant progression of ccRCC, and suggest that TRAF2 is a potential novel therapeutic target for advanced ccRCC.