Rg3-enriched red ginseng extracts enhance apoptosis in CoCl2-stimulated breast cancer cells by suppressing autophagy

Abstract

Rg3RGE-stimulated ROS production promotes apoptosis and inhibits protective autophagy under hypoxic conditions. Autophagosome accumulation is critical to the apoptotic effects of Rg3RGE. The <i>in vivo</i> findings also demonstrate that Rg3RGE inhibits breast cancer cell growth, suggesting that Rg3RGE has potential as potential as a putative breast cancer therapeutic.