Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern and Frequency of Multiple-Drug Resistant Enterobacter Spp. at A Tertiary Care Hospital in Southwest of Iran

Abstract

Background: Strains belonging to Enterobacter genus are important opportunistic nosocomial pathogens. Resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics often complicates the treatment of Enterobacter infections. Aim and Objectives: The present study was aimed to determine the frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterobacter spp. obtained from a specialized Women's and Children's hospital. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted during September 2015 to July 2016 in Shiraz, Iran. Enterobacter isolates were obtained from various clinical specimens and were identified using standard microbiological procedure. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined in accordance with CLSI recommendation. Results: Out of 61 Enterobacter spp., majority of isolates were obtained from blood 11 (18%) and followed by urine and eye specimens (11.5%). Antibiotic susceptibility revealed that all isolates were resistance to amikacin, and mostly resistance to cefotaxim and gentamycin with 90.2% and 75.4%, respectively. The highest sensitivity was toward polymyxin B 96.7%, co-trimoxazole 65.6% and imipenem 57.4%. Overall, the rate of Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) isolates were 91.8% (n=56). Of MDR isolates, 39.2% of isolates were resistance to at least 3 antibiotics. Conclusion: Despite the significant role of MDR isolates in occurrence of infections, several locally available antibiotics still can have promising effects on outcome of Enterobacter infections in pregnant women and neonates.