Artificial intelligence-assisted air quality monitoring for smart city management

Abstract

In this section, the results of predicting the concentration of pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, O₃, and CO) in the air are presented in R² and RMSE. In predicting the PM₁₀ and PM_2.5concentration, LSTM performed the best overall high R²values in the four study areas with the R² values of 0.998, 0.995, 0.918, and 0.993 in Banting, Petaling, Klang and Shah Alam stations, respectively. The study indicated that among the studied pollution markers, PM_2.5,PM₁₀, NO₂, wind speed and humidity are the most important elements to monitor. By reducing the number of features used in the model the proposed feature optimization process can make the model more interpretable and provide insights into the most critical factor affecting air quality. Findings from this study can aid policymakers in understanding the underlying causes of air pollution and develop more effective smart strategies for reducing pollution levels.