Fe Doping Enhances the Peroxidase-Like Activity of CuO for Ascorbic Acid Sensing

Abstract

Although significant advances have been witnessed in the application of nanozymes in recent years, exploring new strategies to enhance the enzyme-like activity of nanozymes is of urgent importance. Herein, we investigate the feasibility of accelerating the peroxidase-like reaction rate of CuO nanostructures through Fe doping. The coprecipitation method was used to synthesize Fe-doped CuO (Fe-CuO) nanozymes, and the results indicate that the diversified valence of Fe benefits the redox reaction driven by CuO-based nanozymes. With the improved peroxidase-like activity, the Fe-CuO nanozyme enables the significant chromogenic oxidation reaction of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), facilitating the construction of a visual sensing platform for the sensitive and selective determination of ascorbic acid. Under optimal conditions, the absorbance at 652 nm decreases linearly with the concentration of ascorbic acid in the range of 5–50 μM, with a limit of detection as low as 4.66 μM. This work exemplifies the activity enhancement for peroxidase-mimicking nanozymes with a metal-doping strategy and provides a broad prospect for the design of more high-performance nanozymes for biosensing applications.